Continued from Volume 55, No. 2, Column headings:
- Date 1788
- Persons Nameds Charged with the Tax
- Names of White Tithes
- [Number of White Tithes]
- Blacks Above 16 [number]
- Blacks Under 16 & Above 12 [number]
- Horses [number]
- Studs
- Rate pr season
- Carriages
Note: No quantities are given for the last three columns: Studs, Rate pr Season and Carriages except in rare cases and are only shown here where they appear in the tax list. It appears that "Names of White Tithes" are given only where different from the name of "Persons names
charged with tax" and, thus, nothing is given in the list below for this column except where an entry is given in the original list. Pages are not numbered in the original list and are assigned numbers by the transcriber for reference. The 1788 personal property tax list is in two sections, "A" & "B" and are in slightly different formats. The four numbers separated by dashes (-) shown in this abstract following the "Names of White Tithes" are 1) Quantity of White Tithes, 2) Quantity of Blacks above 16; 3) Quantity of Blacks under 16 & above 12; & 4) Quantity of horses.
Buckingham County, Virginia, 1788 Personal Property Tax List, "B" Section
- [page 11] 12 May, Spears, John 1-3-0-3
- 12 May Speers, James 1-0-0-1
- Wm. Foster, Prince William Co. - deceased & Wm Foster is extr of his will. Robert Foster died testate by 1771 & Wm Foster is his extr. Ref: Prince William Co. Bond Book 1753-1786, p. 74, 12/16/1767, p. 93. Chas. Carter's lease 130 acres on Broad Run to Isaac Foster, Frances Foster, his wife & Isaac Foster, son. Ref. Prince Wm. Co. Loose Papers, 10/5/1750.
- Foster, orphans of Joseph Foster, dec'd. King William Co. - Samuel Coleman certifies he has no claim against the estate of Joseph Foster, dec'd. in consequence to his marriage with his daughter Christian Foster, 9/14/1787(?). My claim is given up in behalf of Sarah, Ann, Blackwell Foster & Joseph Foster, orphans of the said Joseph. Recorded 3/17/1785(?), King Wm. Co Court, King Wm. Co. Record Book 2, p. 158.
- Foster, Anthony - John Snell, d. intestate, Spotsylvania, 1733, admin. to his son John Snell. Deed 1737 from John Snell to Anthony Foster for 200 acres bought by John Snell, elder, dec'd. from Larkin Chew, dec'd. [no deed found in Crozier]. Crozier shows deed 1739 from John Snell & Philadelphia, his wife of Orange Co. & Anthony Foster & Martha his wife of Spotsylvania Co. conveying to John Taliaferro, Gent. of Caroline, same 200 acres on Po River bought from L. Chew by John Snell, elder, dec'd. Ref. Crozier, 144, 148
- Foster, Anthony - Charles Carter, Esq. on 4/18/1765 deeds him 150 acrs for & during natural lives of sd. Anthony, Rose Foster & Anthony Foster Junr, trustees of Chas. Carter, Esq. make sale to Anthony Foster, 150 acres in Culpeper "being the plantation where he now lives." This deed dated 7/4/1768. 5/22/1772 Robt. Coleman Jr. & Betty, wife to Anthony Foster of Culpeper, 439 acres. Ref: Culpeper Co. Deed Book E pp. 88, 636; Deed Book F, p. 541
- Foster, George - 1742 of Prince William, md. Mary d/o Robert Singleton of Gloucester Co., d. @ 1724. [?] Ref: Fairfax Deed Book A, p. 164. Will pub. 64V103, see card marked Robert Singleton.
- Foster, John, Gent., New Kent Co. - John Graves vs. John Foster, admin with will annexed of Joseph Foster late of New Kent Co., Gent., dec'd. Joseph Foster & Lucy Jones - on appeal from the county court of New Kent. Ref: Lee Family Papers, mss 1L51 f187, 1725, p. 21, VHS
- Foster, John - of St. George Parish, Spotsylvania Co., to Martin & Cornelius Vaughan (two youngest sons of Cornelius Vaughan late dec'd. of Drysdale Parish, King & Queen Co.) - 465 acres being part of a patent 665 acres to sd. John Foster, 10/19/1736. Ref: Spotsylvania Co. Deed Book C, p. 208, 12/6/1736.
- Foster, John - 4/1793 on appeal from the county [Cumberland?] court . . . George Foster, whose executor is Josiah Foster, is sued by John Foster [grandson of George] who claims upon his marriage in March 1776 to Hannah, d/o Nathaniel Page, Geo. promised a slave to JF and so did Page, neither came thru and this suit intimates there has been one vs. Page. It appears likely to me [GHSK] the grandfather Geo: Foster is he who died testate, 1789 Cumberland Co. Ref: Virginia Reports Annotated, 4 Call, Daniel. 711 = Reports of Cases Argued & Adjudged in the Court of Appeals of Virginia, 6 volumes.
- Foster, Joseph & Anne, his wife - w/ Thomas West, Agnes West, Frances WEst [last 3] by the said Joseph Foster, their next friend vs. Nathaniel West, Gent., . . . in chancery: 1726 Docket of the General Court of Virginia. Ref: Lee Family Papers, mss 1 L51 f1897, VHS
- Foster, Thomas - his account, 1720, King & Queen Co., credit by the half of the land belonging to your wife. To: beds &c.: you had when married. Ref: Baylor Ledger, p. 34, acc. #2257-A, Alderman Library, UVA
- Foster, Thomas & Anthony - 6/15/1799, Thos. & Ann Foster of Orange Co. to Anthony Foster of same, 150 acres, Ref: Orange Deed Book 17, p. 116. 5/12/1792 Anthony Foster & wife Sarah of Rockingham Co. to Henry Strowd of Orange Co., 200 acres, Ref: Orange Deed Book 20, p. 96
- Foster, William Jr. - 9/28/1761 Peter Glascock guardian of John Wyatt is discharged from his guardianship having previously settled same with the court. Wm. Foster Jr. exhibited an account against estate of William Wyatt . . . which is allowed & admitted to record. 9/30/1761 Winifred Wyatt, admx &c: of Wm. Wyatt, dec'd., plaintiff vs. John Seale & Richard Jervis, defendants. In case . . . a special imparlance granted them until next court. Ref: Prince William Co. Order Book, 1759-1761, pp. 360-361, 363
Sources:
- Crozier, William. Virginia County Records, Volume I: Spotsylvania County, 1721-1800, 1905
Page 173 - William Cunninghame headed a mercantile firm that operated in Virginia in the mid-eighteenth century. He spent his youth as a factor in Virginia and through his business acumen rose, by his late forties, to become a partner in the firm he once worked for. Between 1767-1777, there were thirteen Cunningham stores in Virginia located in Amherst, Albemarle, Brunswick, Cabin Point, Culpeper, Dumfries, Falmouth, Fauquier, Fredericksburg, Halifax, Petersburg, Shockoe (Richmond), Rocky Bridge (then in Manchester, which is today part of Richmond south of the James River). Cunninghame was one of the more successful firms operating in Virginia prior to the American Revolution, possibly because he opened stores away from the Tidewater area.
Many Virginia researchers are familiar with the Birtish mercantile claims that John Frederick Dorman published in the Virginia Genealogist. Those abstracts were but a small portion of the records regarding debts owed to British mercantile firms. Virginians, of all socio-economic levels, were deeply in debt to these British merchant houses before the American Revolution. Dorman's abstracts were selected from agent's reports who were attempting to locate debtors and determine their ability to pay what was owed. Those reports included material of a genealogical interest such as names of family members, removal from Virginia, economic status, references to deaths, etc. The list presented here would have been what the company representatives would have used to collect the debts owed to [p 174] Cunninghame. Dorman's indexes were checked and no entries for these individuals and their debts were found. This list for Cunninghame's Petersburg store contains almost 500 names and places them at a specific place of residence in 1777 or earlier depending upon when they incurred the debt.
The Scottish stores were often along naviagable waterways, rivers or creeks that fed into the rivers. Cunningham's Petersburg store was on the Appomattox River, thus Virgnians from as far as Prince Edward and Amelia might find that the easiest way to transport their tobacco to market. Also among these records are many individuals who resided in counties that have suffered significant record loss such as Dinwiddie and Prince George and it is only here that one finds notice of their death. Mecklenburg and Brunswick which have lost many of their loose papers are also represented here.
The first column lists the page on which the record is located, the debtor's name and place of residence appear in the next two columns. The final two columns identify how the debt is secured and the amount owed. The majority of these debts were simply on account with no security. However, some were secured by bond, wholly or in part. "Pro'y Bond" most likely meant that the debt was secured by the individual's property. Some names have the notation "Sec'y," (security), which might mean that this debt was risky enough for the store to require someone else to secur e the debt. Some debts were settled or by judgment. If the county records survive, court order books might shed more light on these debts. Store factors often went to court to collect debts due the Company.
The last page of this entry is a list of debts that William Cunningham owed to others in Virginia. At least two of these, John Goodrich and Logan & Gilmour can be found among the Loyalist claims after the War. A close check among those records may reveal that others were also.
- 59 Robert Armistead, Chesterfield, Account, 40.11.7 3/4
- 60 Thomas Armistead, Prince George, 12.5. 4 1/4
- 82 Ann Fitzgerald, Amelia, Account 2.10.2 1/2
- 82 Edmund Fitzgerald, Hallifax, Account, 1.12.3
- 83 John Fitzgerald, Hallifax, 2.18.10 1/4
- 84 Garret Fitzgerald, Hallifax, bond for part, 19.19.6 1/2
- 113 James McDowell, Prince George, account, 1.19.1/4
Columns - Debtor, Residence, Type of Security, Date, Amount, Witnesses
- Garret, John & Edmund Fitzgerald, Pittsyvlania, Bond, 12/21/1773, £52.2.2, James Walker
Continued from Volume 55, No. 2
The following wills are abstracts, not transcriptions. However, every effort has been made to include all genealogically pertinent information. . . .
page 408 - John Butler Sr. of Bristol Parish in Charles City County; dated 1/8/1698/9 proved 6/5/1699. [This will is further proved in October Court 1699 by oath by Margarett Fagan, Book R fo. 209]. John B [his mark] Butteller
- wife Mutess Butler, executrix
- after payment of debts & legacies, all my personal estate
- son John Butler
- 100 acres of land he now lives on & to male heirs & without male heir to Tho. Butler.
- 100 acres of land at the Blackwater lying on the west side of my land there
- son Joseph Butler - after decease of my wife Mutess Butler,
- Plantation I live on & his lawful male heirs, then to return to Tho. Butler
- My wife not be molested nor debarred from privilege of getting timber to repair the building or to build on this tract.
- All remainder of land at Blackwater
- Son Thomas Butteller
- 200 acres of land at Powonty joining land of William Low & on the Great branch & his male heirs. If he dies w/o male heir then it return to the next heir.
- dishes
- Son William Butteller
- 200 acres of land joining my son Tho. If he dies w/o male heir, then it return to the next heir.
- dishes
- Son Danll Butteller
- 200 acres of land my son William aforesaid it being all my land in that tract unto him & his male heirs. If he dies w/o male heir then it to return to the next heir
- dishes
- Daughter Elizabeth Butler - one bed & dishes
- Wit: John Evans, Steph. Evans
page 439 - Ann Morgan of Martins Brandon Parish, Charles City Couty, dated 6/21/1699, proved 12/4/1699. Friend John Terry to have tuition & care of my son Benjamin Morgan until he is 21 when he should receive personal property [listed]. If Ben dies before 21, property to John Terry, executor. Ann [x her mark] Morgan, Wit: Mathew + Bellamy, Rogers R Edwards, probated granted Dr. Jno. Tirrey
page 458 - Joseph Breeding, bricklayer of Weynoak Parish, Charles City Co. nuncupative will proved 1/3/1699/1700. Deposition of Samll Russell, aged 56. Joseph Breeding gave all his estate to Wm. Russell your deponent's son. Samll [his mark] Russell. Depositions of John Cross aged 19; Meredith Barnes, aged 19, Zack/Zackeus Ellis aged 58
Little, Barbara. "Augusta County Delinquents, 1794," Magazine of Virginia Genealogy, Vol. 55, No. 3, 2017. [Moses Austin, Augusta County Delinquents, 1794, Augusta Co., 1771-1814, Delinquent Tax Lists, Accession No. 23707, BC 1204934, Tax & Fiscal Records, Local Government Records Collections, Archives & Manuscripts, Library of Virginia, Richmond]
Page 188 - By 1794 Augusta had reached its present size except for its loss to the creation of the City of Staunton in 1902 having lost its last territory to Pendleton and the creation of Bath in 1791. While it no longer saw mass migrations, this list attests to the continued draw of Kentucky. Insolvent lists tell us the most about migrations whether to adjacent counties or further afield. However, they can also provide information on deaths (usually of the poorer class), of individuals with occupations that exempted them from taxes, and of the duplication of names in a tax list that can throw a monkey wrench into well documented families that cannot account for an extra John or Stophel. We ignore these records as we do so many other "uninformative" records at our peril.
A Lis of Insolvents and removals Returned by Moses Austin Deputy for John Tatae Sheriff of Augusta County in James Ramsey's District for 1794.
- George Brooks, insolvent, 1
- John Edwards, not found 1
- Thomas Fitzgerald, runaway 1
- James Wilson, insol't 1
- William Wilson, wrong cha'd 1
Page 87 - In over twenty years of editing the Magazine of Virginia Genealogy, I have never seen one of my direct line ancestors and very few (under ten) of my collateral kin listed among its pages. With a record like that, many would consider reading (most likely paying for) a subscription a waste of time and money. And, if they are simply chasing names, they could (just maybe) be right. But if they want to learn about resources, about what records can really tell us (sometimes by telling us our ancestor isn't there) and even more importantly become better researchers, then they can't afford to miss a single issue or article. . . .
Page 88 - Colonial research is difficult enough and research in burned counties is even worse. One of our freuent contributors has located yet another new resource. An unpublished list of bonds due a British mercantile firm operating in Petersburg in the middle of a number of counties with record loss in the period before we have consistent tax records. Your guy isn't among them? Perhaps not, but might he be in other records like this? You'd be amazed at the number of people in debt to British merchants before the war.
Chancery cases are rich sources for missing wills. Typically these appear in adjacent counties or on a migration path. In this case the will is found in a prior residence. We need to be careful not to look only forward; sometimes our ancestors or their children sought the security or support of family members who remained behind. Such is this Buckingham County will found in an Essex County chancery case. Limiting our search because of perceived patterns is not always a wise decision.
A hundred and ten years ago the federal government published a substitute for Virginia's first federal census destroyed by fire in 1812. Drawn from records in the governor's office housed in the Virginia State Library and comprised of various state enumerations taken in 1782, 1783, 1784, and 1785 for thirty-seven of Virginia's counties and the city of Williamsburg surviving 1782 and 1783 lists provide the name of the head of household and the total number of whites and black[s]; the 1784 and 1785 lists provide the name of the head of the household, the number of white souls, the number of dwellings, and the number of other buildings. . . .
Page 89 - The difficulty of locating church records is well known. Their value is often overlooked. Registers that provide birth, death and marriage information are usually preferred with church minutes often ignored. As the First Presbyterian article in this issue demonstrates over and over again there is plenty of gold to be found including places of origin, proof of migration, maiden names, second marriages and even dates of events not noted in the register if one is willing to dig through the minutes to locate it.
And then we move into the realm of family papers - whether they are a simple no trespass notice that suggests there may be a family story or a will from a badly burned county, family papers provide a rich resource and one that we often fail to take advantage of. No catalog seach will located William Brookings' will. The catalog entry simply lists Brooking family. It takes a deeper search into the finding aid to get specific details regarding the contents of the collection. Often there is no finding aid the only recourse is methodical searching page by page - treasures abound; they just may be hard to find.
And finally we have the omnipresent George Harrison Sandford King. His research interests are detailed in the card file abstracts presented frequently in these pages - abstracts of record on the families he researched and those he encountered that weren't necessarily the focus of his search. But rich as the data is, the real richness of his work is in the range of records he consulted in his quest for information. From overgrown family cemeteries to local newspapers, from court cases to family papers found in trunks and attics he collected dates, names and connections recording them for his own purposes but leaving a legacy for other researchers. Archival collections contain numerous collections of the research of historians and family researchers - another frequenty untapped treasure trove . . .
- Baker, Peggy, "Pilgrims, Angels & Plymouth's Burial Hill," Mayflower Quarterly, March 2015, pp. 67-85.
- Anderson, Robert. "Focus on Scituate," Mayflower Descendant, 64:1, Witer, 2016, pp. 91-98
- Anderson, Robert. "Migration in Historical Context," Great Migration Newsletter, 25 Jan-Mar, 2016, pp. 1-2, 8
- Bangs, Jeremy. "Some Thoughts on the Books & Libraries of Plymouth Colony, in Connection with the Publication of Plymouth Colony's Private Libraries," Mayflower Journal, 1:2 Fall 2016, pp. 39-67.
- Dalley, Craig. "Religious & Political Radicalism in London: The Family of Thomas Howse, with Massachusetts Connections, 1642-1665," Register 170, Winter 2016, pp. 25-44
- Neal, Simon & Caleb Johnson. "Mayflower-Related Documents in the Records of the Court of King's Bench," Mayflower Descendant, 64:1, Winter 2016, pp. 47-41(?).
Readers are referred to previous publication of specific or provision tax lists for references to the laws establishing the tax. Specifically "Chesterfield County Specific Tax, 1782," 48(2010): 89-93; or to William Waller Hening, The Statutes at Large; Being a Collection of All the Laws of Virginia . . . Vol. 10, (1822) . . . It is apparent from the totals brought forward that not all of this list survives.
Page 1 [not numbered] - A Return of Grain Collected as Grain tax by Wm Cowan & Abraham Cocke Commissrs for the County of Luenburg from the 1st day of March to the 1st of August 1781.
Rec'd of Robert Beasley, 3/1781, 15 bushels of oats
As we have noted previously, these Virginia militia lists, apparently submitted in order to receive payment for service to the federal government during the Whiskey Rebellion . . . Determining the residence of the participants requires further research.
Muster Role of the Company of Militia Commanded by Captain William Jennings of Colo. Swearingen Regiment on the Expedition agasinst the Insurgents in Pennsylvania. . . . Columns: Name, Rank, Commencement of Service, Names Present, Rank
- Joseph Tipton, Corpl, 8/24/1794, Joseph Tipton, Corpl
- Stephen Odell, Corpl, 8/24/1794, Stephen Odell, Corpl
- William Hurt, Private, 8/24/1794, Wm. Hurt, Private
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